Teach yourself Rungus Lesson kotolu (3)

3. The root of words    I gamut dit ongopongoretan do Rungus
The European languages like English, French, German, Spaniol ko Italy in use today are each a mixture of many languages of different tribes of the past, being influenced by further other languages over the centuries. While Latin, the language of the Roman Empire around the time, Jesus was living in Palestine, has greatly influenced the European languages until today, these Latinism are today pronounced in different ways,  often hardly recognizable as former Latin words. While many forms of words are used in a similiar way in these various langauges as nouns, adjectives, verbs and other parts of speech, most of them follow a certain pattern and can be explained with the same terms: nouns, adjectives, verbs, pronouns, Other languages in the world have often other forms and ways of building compound words (adjectives, verbs, nouns etc). Rungus belongs to these group of langauges like Hebrew and Arab, Hindi om Kina and many other vernaculars, using affixes to varify the meaning of an expression.
Yet all forms carrying the meaning of a particular idea (root) derive from the main part of the expression used in communicating with one another. Like a tree consists first of a root, the stem or trunk grows out from the root and  branches out into twigs, from which the leaves and fruitbearing flowers develope the product..   
root - stem - branches - twigs - leaves and flowers bringing forward fruits. To explain this developement is called   Morphology    The developing of forms....
It inantadon dit ongoboros di tasantanid-tanid o harati, nga retanko gamut, iadko i gamut do kazu. I kazu, nga varo laid i gamut ko i linsou antad dit uva, nga sumuni om sumurut i batang ko i poun om iri-ogi mimbulai it ongoraan dit apapak om it otiniu sampai mimbulai it ongoroun om it ongovusak do kazu di pembulai dit ongouva.
While English uses rather an additional term to explain something e.g.  take = kumavid, take away = manganu, take back =posuri, take in = tumorima, take life = mamatai, take off= go away, take part = mamung sid gamaon ,
the German has similar prefixes like Rungus changing the meaning of the main idea:
i boros German amakai do prefixes miabal do Rungus di monimban di harati do gamut
schneiden, zuschneiden, abschneiden, verschneiden, beschneiden, umschneiden, Schnitt, Abschnitt, Verschnitt, Zuschnitt, Schneiderei, Schneider,..
 nga kavi- avi manarang ombo o gama kadapat mangagama ong mamakai do gunting. 
Ong Rungus:    Imot= i gama mamakai dit mato.
Adjective : o-imot =emot, mo-imot= memot, mongimot, imatan, kematan, kinematan, pongimatan, kopongimatan, mokimot, minokimot, pemot, pinemot- pongemot, tiimot, mokipopokotemot, om vokoni do sampai labaan do 150 ot uva di gamut imot.

Manjadi sid ongolesson vagu mongiim-oku do manarang,  isuhut di vaza manarang ong English Grammar    Adjective, noun, verb om vokon-i, om iri-ogi kopiamung-po i vaza di hoturan do Boros Rungus.

For reading praxis read the little story:  Arun and Asun in the kampong
3. Mindakod sid nizu
Kemot i Asun do nizu.   Migusa ioti tumangkus rumikot sid puun do nizu.  Mindakod i Asun sid nizu.    I Arun dino minud sid puun do nizu. Amu milo i Arun mindakod, tu amu opinit iosido. Asapou it uva do nizu. Mongupu i Asun dot uva. Mindahu vagu i Asun. Ogorot ioti mangakan do nizui dit omulok. Opongo-po mangakan, orualan do tizan i Arun om i Asun.